CHINA'S MOST GENEROUS


The Rajawali Foundation Institute for Asia’s China Philanthropy Project

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Overview


This annually updated original database features top philanthropic donations by individuals and organizations in Mainland China. Through the visualization of data in charts and graphs, our research tracks the geography of China-based giving and receiving, the range of causes supported, and the industries represented by this giving. We also highlight levels of individual generosity, which measures giving as a percentage of an individual’s publicly disclosed net worth. Given reporting lags by many foundations and government, the data below are the most recent available and cover the 2021 calendar year.

$14.08 Billion

Top 100 Individuals Donation: $3.27 Billion

Top 100 Organizations Donation: $3.55 Billion

62.62% of Total National Giving

Top 10 - Giving


1

Wang Xing

¥14857 Million
2

Tencent Holdings Limited

¥1911.33 Million
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  • Focus Causes: Education, Disaster Relief, Social Welfare, Public Health, Unrestricted, Unspecified
3

Contemporary Amperex Technology Co.,Ltd.

¥1374.22 Million
4

Taikang Insurance Group Co. Limited

¥1341.24 Million
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  • Focus Causes: Education, Social Welfare, Public Health, Unrestricted, Culture and Sports, Unspecified
5

Alibaba Group

¥1205.23 Million
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  • Focus Causes: Education, Disaster Relief, Social Welfare, Environment, Poverty Alleviation, Culture and Sports, Unspecified
6

Li Yongxin

¥1005 Million
7

Xu Hang

¥1000 Million
8

China Three Gorges Corporation

¥872.03 Million
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  • Focus Causes: Education, Disaster Relief, Unspecified, Public Health, Unrestricted
9

China COSCO Shipping Co.,Ltd.

¥793.07 Million
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  • Focus Causes: Social Welfare, Unrestricted, Unspecified
10

Country Garden Holdings Co.,Ltd.

¥688.43 Million
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  • Focus Causes: Education, Social Welfare, Poverty Alleviation, Unspecified

Top 10 - Generosity


1

Wang Xing

¥14857 Million
2

Qiu Zixin

¥260 Million
3

Yu Renrong

¥40.75 Million
4

Yang Yuanqing

¥100 Million
5

Shao Genhuo

¥150 Million
6

Li Dongsheng

¥100 Million
7

Fang Hongbo

¥90 Million
8

Xu Hang

¥1000 Million
9

Yan Juran

¥25.12 Million
10

Shen Guorong

¥20 Million

Beijing - Capital of Giving


China’s capital - Beijing - was home to 29 top donors who collectively gave $3.42 billion in 2021, rendering it the most generous region when measured by both total giving and number of top donors. This is the first time since we began collecting data in 2017 that Beijing overtook Guangdong to rank first in both measures. This is primarily due to Beijing being the base of the leading donor, Wang Xing, who contributed $2.30 billion in stocks. Guangdong ranked second in terms of total giving and number of top donors, producing 27 donors and giving a total of $1.19 billion.

Service Sector Gives


Despite slowing growth, China’s Real Estate industry continued to produce the largest number of top Chinese philanthropists, contributing 23 of the top 100 donors. The Healthcare Industry followed in second place with 16 donors, and Internet and Communication Technology, together with Energy and Natural Resources tied for third with 11 donors. In contrast to 2020, the industry contributing the most donations in 2021 was not Real Estate, but the Service industry, which donated a total of $2.32 billion. This was mainly driven by Wang Xing’s donation of $2.30 billion to his own Wang Xing Foundation.

Foundations Take


In 2021, 74 of the top 100 donors donated to charitable foundations. Their donations went to Government-Affiliated Charitable Foundations (49) and Non-Government Charitable Foundations (65).

Education Leads


Excluding Unspecified and Unrestricted causes of donations, Education continued to be at the top of our 2021 list of causes in terms of total giving and number of top donors. The cause of Education received the lion’s share of donations by 69 donors for a total of $1.21 billion, representing 19.15% of total elite giving. Giving to Public Health rose to $645.79 million and accounted for 10.18% of total giving, ranking second. Poverty Alleviation at $422.77 million and Disaster Relief at $241.54 million dropped to third and fourth place. However, when measured by the number of donors, Disaster Relief continued to rank second with 26 donors, followed by Poverty Alleviation at 24 donors, and both Public Health and Social Welfare at 22 donors.

Environment Lags


In 2021, Environmental causes continued to receive scant attention with 6 donors contributing a total of $ 19.85 million. Social Welfare also lagged behind other causes as well, receiving $ 62.34 million in total and only accounting for 0.98% of total elite giving.

Gender Inequality


China’s top individual philanthropists are still overwhelmingly male. Among the 100 donors in the “Individuals - Total Giving” list, only 12 are women, while 6 are family donors and 76 are male. Xu Xin, founder of Capital Today, donated $10.01 million to Nanjing University Education Development Foundation, ranking her the top female donor and 16th in our top individual donors list.





76 male philanthropists


12 female philanthropists


6 families

Rise of Non-Government Foundations


In 2021, Non-Government Charitable Foundations continued to attract the most donors. More than half of top donors (65) donated to Non-Government Charitable Foundations while 49 donors gave to Government-Affiliated Charitable Foundations.

Localization Rebounds


In 2021, 33 donors donated solely to their own home provinces, a slight increase from 27 in 2020, 29 donors contributed exclusively across provinces, and 40 donors donated both within and across provinces. The need for cross-border donations declined with the mitigation of COVID-19.

China Philanthropy By The Numbers


In 2021, total donations from China’s top 100 donors increased year-over-year by $1.23 billion, or 24.03%. We identified significant changes – and important continuities – in the top individual giving, the top causes supported, and the top recipients.

China Philanthropy Insight Series


Our new “China Philanthropy Insight Series” seeks to highlight original research, timely news stories, innovative cases, and occasional interviews about Chinese philanthropy.

About the Project


The rise of private wealth is one of the most important developments in modern China, with implications for the country’s social, economic, and political arenas. How individuals choose to deploy such resources will shape the relationships between the individual and the state, between the state and business, and between the state and the social sector.

This project aims to strengthen understanding of China’s philanthropic landscape by analyzing the makeup and choices of China’s most generous individuals. We hope the introduction of a metric on level of generosity, while imperfect, will add a new dimension to the discussion on how China’s wealthy choose to support charitable causes. We welcome comments and suggestions on our analysis and methodology through the email address listed below. The findings compile data from a variety of sources including media reports, government databases, foundation annual reports, university websites and so on. 

We believe that an independent, verified, and research-oriented database on China's philanthropic giving will enable much-needed quantitative research on the sector and provide a crucial resource for government, academic, media, and non-profit organizations.

We will supplement the database with a range of case studies, white papers, academic articles, and interviews with leading philanthropists and leaders of philanthropic organizations.

This website will be updated annually.

About the Team


Tony Saich – Ash Center Director. Tony directs a range of programs at the Harvard Kennedy School and teaches courses on comparative political institutions, democratic governance, and transitional economies with a focus on China. A former Chief Representative of the Ford Foundation in China, he also teaches and researches topics related to the development of China’s civil society and philanthropic sector.

Yunxin Li – Research Data Analyst. Yunxin is in charge of the data team and responsible for our project's data validation, analysis, and visualization. She develops the project plans, manages the project operation and oversees the overall project workflow. Yunxin received her M.S. in Business Analytics from Bentley University and a B.A. in Business Administration from Beijing Normal University.

Yutong Lu – Research Assistant. Yutong is responsible for data collection, cleaning, validation, and analysis of overall China Philanthropy data. She also helps in writing project report and updating methodology. Yutong received her Master’s degree in Global Health and Population from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, and a Bachelor’s degree in Economics from the University of Michigan.

Siqi Yang – Research Assistant. Siqi Yang is responsible for data collection, cleaning, validation, and analysis of overall China Philanthropy data. She also helps with writing and laying out the project report and visualizing the data. She received her Master’s degree in Publics from Harvard Graduate School of Design and a Bachelor’s degree in Interaction Design from Pratt Institute.

Edward Cunningham - Ash Center China Programs Director. Edward teaches and conducts research related to China's business/government relations, energy markets and governance, international economics and competitiveness, and China’s integration into the world. Most recently he has engaged in work on the rise of Chinese private wealth and philanthropic development.

Wanru Liu – Research Assistant. Wanru Liu is responsible for collecting, validating, and analyzing Chinese donation data. She also helps in drafting the project report and updating the methodology. She received her Master of Science degree in Global Health and Population from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and a Bachelor of Science degree in Economics from the University of Michigan.

Yu Yan – Research Assistant. Yu Yan is responsible for data collection, cleaning, validation, and analysis of overall China Philanthropy data. She also helps in writing project report and updating methodology. She received her Master’s degree in Health Data Science from Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, and a Bachelor’s degree in Mathematics from Boston University.